Reconnaissance of Archaeological Sites at Tuzkhormato Region Saladdin Governorate – Northern Iraq

     هذه الدراسة تتطرق لأول مرة الى توثيق مواقع الآثار المنتشرة في مدينة طوزخورماتو وأطرافها، حيث هناك أكثر من (19) موقعا  أثريا  مقسمة  باتجاهين  الأول  تأخذ  مسارا  موازيا  لنهر نهر آق صو  تقريبا  من  خلف  جبال طوزخورماتو إلى نهر زغيتون (الجسر الرابط بين طوز وتكريت) والآخر عموديا عليها في منتصف المسار الأول وقد تم تحديد إحداثيات خمسة مواقع، وان هذه المواقع هي على شكل تلال بين كبيرة وصغيرة الحجم  منتشرة  على أسطحها قطع من الأواني الفخارية المتكسرة  وقسم منها ملونة بألوان  وكذلك هنالك الكثير من  قطع  حجر  الصوان حيث كانت تستخدم كأدوات القطع مثل السكاكين (في تل الشعير)، وإن هذه الآثار مرتفعة من مستوى سطح الأرض بدرجات متفاوتة اعتمادا على حجم منطقة البناء وان كل الأبنية  طينية،  لذا فان الحفاظ  على  الأبنية  ضعيفة  أمام المناخ ومن المحتمل أن تكون الأبنية مدفونة تحت التلال وان الأشياء الباقية هي الأواني الفخارية المتكسرة في فترة ما قبل الإسلام منتشرة على الأسطح، عدا الموقع الأثري لقلعة كاوور (الفترة الساسانية) على الجبل حيث البناء من الجص  وحجر الجبس. علما  بأنه لم  يدرس  أي  موقع  اثري  من هذه  المواقع  من  الناحية  الجيوفيزيائية  أو الجيولوجية كتحديد العمر أو الشكل الهندسي للبنايات المدفونة أو البحث عن الأشياء الثمينة كالذهب أو ما شابه ذلك.This study is talking for the first time about in this region to document the archaeological sites at Tuzkhormato and surroundings. There are more than (19) archaeological sites which took two trends  one of them is parallel to Aq-Su river, which starts from behind Tuzkhomato mountain and takes NE-SW direction at Shirash Tapa site and ending at Zeghaitoon river near the bridge of (Tikrit-Tuz) road, and another trend is perpendicular to the first one at about the mid-way distance of the first trend. Coordinations of (5) archaeological sites were located and studied, these sites are as a hill ranges in its shape between small to large and the broken pottery were spread widely on the surface of these sites and some of this pottery are colored, also there are chert cutter that is used as knives (at Tal-Al-Shaer) site only. These sites were uplifted from the surface level with uneven degree depending on the volume of the buildings at that site, and all the buildings were built from muds, so these buildings are weak to resist the climate. It is probable that all buildings were buried under these sites, and the destroyed pottery of pre-Islamic period was distributed over the archaeological sites. Only one site on the Tuzkhormato mountain built with blaster and gypsum rocks, this site is (Gawor Qalasi) which from (Sassanian) period. All these sites still are not studied geologically or geophysically for determination the ages of these sites or delineating the geometrical shapes of buried buildings or searching some of the precious things like gold or other things

The Investigation of a New Solar Water Collector

A new type of solar water heater is proposed in this workand its thermal performanceis assessed theoretically and experimentally. The collector uses separated glass tube instead of integrated heat pipe. The actual area of the solar collector exhibition to solar radiation around (2.96 m2), which included (20) glass tubes with a water storage tank 120 liter as main parts. The present work includes three aspects.Firstly, an experiment was conducted to test thermal performance of the new collector on November, 2014. After a daily work from 09:00 am to 16:00 pm the maximum collector efficiency could reach 66%, while the temperature of water storage tank increased by about 25 °C in the end.Secondly, a theoretical analysis on the energy balance for each component of the collector was made to understand the heat transfer process inside the collector.Thirdly, heat transfer model has been developed to calculate the collector efficiency, temperatures of water, the glass tube and the absorber plate, of which the theoretical results are somewhat different with the experimental data. Probably it is caused by the large heat loss in the experiment through the test devices

The Aerodynamical and Structural Analysis of Wind Turbine Blade for Fatigue Prediction

The calculation of the dynamic load and stresses acting on wind turbine blades in order to predict fatigue is proposed .In this work the blade element theory was used to calculate aerodynamic loads for small wind turbine blades. This method can also estimate the power extracted by the turbine.A model analysis of rotor was performed using a finite element modeling in order to compute the frequencies and mode shapes. At last, dynamic stresses are computed for the root region of the blades, using finite element modeling. The resulting curves of stress vs. time, obtained for different wind speeds, are used for fatigue analysis in order to make an optimal choice of blades resistant to fatigue and being energetically efficient. In both modal and stress analysis two different approaches are utilized and their results are compared

Experimental and Theoretical Study to Invest Solar Energy for Operating Water Coolers

This work concerns with the investment of solar power to run water coolers . Four water coolers with 20 liters operational capacity are used for eight hours. It was a design calculations required to set up a full solar system. And have been performed calculations design in two stages to get the desired results, the first theoretical and that on the basis of which require the construction of the solar system, solar panels number six with a capacity of 100 watts and four inverters capacity of 1000 watts with 12 volts as parts mainly effective with the controllers of charging and battery with container number four In order to run the system. But that did not happen and did not operate the system, only third hour later got a hard landing.The second is experimental design process and that on the basis of which require the construction of the solar system solar panels are eight with capacity of 100 Watts and four inverters capacity of 1000 watts with 24 volts as parts effective principally with the controllers of charging and battery container with the number four, which gave the functioning effectively for eight hours and achieve the desired results of this research, which it installed on the surface of renewable energies technology center in University of Technology. In order to discuss the  main factors affecting the solar panels  the following parameters should be measured such as the output power, the ability of output flow and the surface temperature, and the efficiency of photoelectric conversion and working hour. Where the measuring devices are available in the lab of energy and renewable energies technology centre in University of Technology  

Proximal magnetometry of monolayers of magnetic moments

We present a method to measure the magnetic properties of monolayers and ultra-thin films of magnetic material. The method is based on low energy muon spin rotation and $\beta$-detected nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. A spin probe is used as a "proximal" magnetometer by implanting it in the substrate, just below the magnetic material. We calculate the expected magnetic field distribution sensed by the probe and discuss its temperature and implantation depth dependencies. This method is highly suitable for measuring the magnetic properties of monolayers of single molecule magnets, but can also be extended to ultra-thin magnetic films.Comment: To be published in the proceedings of 12th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonanc

Unconventional superconductivity in CuxBi2Se3

We report point contact measurements in high quality single crystals of Cu0.2Bi2Se3. We observe three different kinds of spectra: (1) Andreev-reflection spectra, from which we infer a superconducting gap size of 0.6mV; (2) spectra with a large gap which closes above Tc at about 10K; and (3) tunneling-like spectra with zero-bias conductance peaks. These tunneling spectra show a very large gap of ~2meV (2Delta/KTc ~ 14)

Muon diffusion and electronic magnetism in Y2_2Ti2_2O7_7

We report a $\mu$SR study in a Y$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ single crystal. We observe slow local field fluctuations at low temperature which become faster as the temperature is increased. Our analysis suggests that muon diffusion is present in this system and becomes small below 40 K and therefore incoherent. A surprisingly strong electronic magnetic signal is observed with features typical for muons thermally diffusing towards magnetic traps below $\approx 100$ K and released from them above this temperature. We attribute the traps to Ti$^{3+}$ defects in the diluted limit. Our observations are highly relevant to the persistent spin dynamics debate on $R_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ pyrochlores and their crystal quality

Spatial confinement of muonium atoms

We report the achievement of spatial confinement of muonium atoms (the bound state of a positive muon and an electron). Muonium emitted into vacuum from mesoporous silica reflects between two SiO$_2$ confining surfaces separated by 1 mm. From the data, one can extract that the reflection probability on the confining surfaces kept at 100 K is about 90% and the reflection process is well described by a cosine law. This technique enables new experiments with this exotic atomic system and is a very important step towards a measurement of the 1S-2S transition frequency using continuous wave laser spectroscopy.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure